What triggers a migraine?
Most experts agree that migraine pain is caused by swollen blood vessels around
the brain and certain nerves in the brain. However, the exact cause of migraines
is not known. What is known is that certain things can trigger a migraine in some
people. You will find some common triggers listed below.
Food and drink triggers:
- Foods and drinks that contain additives, such as MSG (monosodium
glutamate). Plus artificial sweeteners, such as aspartame, which are found in most
sugar-free foods
- Chocolate
- Nitrates, which are found in cured meats such as hot dogs, pepperoni,
and cold cuts
- Pickled or marinated foods
- Aged cheeses
- Alcohol
- Overuse of caffeine
- Fasting or skipping meals
Hormonal and environmental triggers:
- Sudden changes in hormones before or during your period
- Bright lights, glare, or reflected sunlight
- Weather changes, such as falling temperatures or changes in humidity
- Changes in air pressure, for example, when you are flying in a plane
- Odors such as perfume, paint, dust, and certain flowers
- Smoking or being around someone who smokes
Stress and sleep triggers:
- Being worn out from too much activity, lack of sleep, or even too
much sleep
- Stress and worry during or after a stressful event
- Intense emotions such as depression
Other medication triggers:
- Birth control pills and hormone therapy
- Overuse of headache pain medications, which can lead to rebound
headaches